Purpose of References
The purpose of references in a job application is multifaceted and plays a crucial role in the hiring process. The key functions are:
- Verification of Information and Confirming Claims
- References help verify the accuracy of the information provided in your resume and during interviews, such as employment history, job titles, and responsibilities.
- Insight into Character and Work Ethic and Understanding Fit
- Employers use references to gain insight into your character, work ethic, and interpersonal skills. This information can help them determine if you would be a good cultural fit for the organization.
- Looking for Competitive Edge when Differentiating Candidates
- When hiring managers are torn between candidates with similar qualifications, references can provide the additional perspective needed to make a decision. Positive testimonials from past supervisors or colleagues can set you apart.
- Assessment of Skills and Abilities and Verifying Qualifications
- References can speak to your specific skills and accomplishments, providing evidence of your capabilities in a professional context. For instance, a former manager might highlight your punctuality and ability to meet deadlines.
- Building Trust by Reinforcing Credibility
- A strong reference from a respected figure in your industry can enhance your credibility and reassure employers about your potential contributions to their team.
- Guidance for Employers for any Concerns that Need Clarification
- References can help address any uncertainties or concerns that may arise during the hiring process. They provide an opportunity for employers to ask questions about your past performance and behavior in the workplace.
When to Provide References
It is important to only provide references when instructed, as this demonstrates your ability to read carefully and follow directions. While references may be requested at various stages of the hiring process, it is generally best to provide them only when specifically asked by an employer. This approach allows you to select the most relevant references based on your understanding of the role and company.
- Timing for Providing References
- After Initial Interviews:
- The most common practice is to provide references after you have had your first interview. Employers typically request references at this stage to help them decide among candidates who have already shown interest and fit for the role.
- Application Submission:
- Some job postings may specifically ask for references to be included with the application. If this is the case, you should comply, but be cautious about providing references too early in the process, especially if you are currently employed.
- Before Final Decisions:
- References are usually contacted when an employer is close to making a hiring decision. This helps them confirm your qualifications and assess your fit within the organization.
- After Initial Interviews:
- Avoiding Early Disclosure
- Providing references too early can lead to potential issues, such as your current employer being contacted before you have decided to leave your job. It's advisable to wait until you have more information about the position and company before sharing references.
Best Practices
- Have a List Ready
- Always have a list of potential references prepared in advance, so you can quickly provide them if requested at any stage of the hiring process.
- Make sure the list is in .PDF file format with an easy to read file name (e.g.: "Smith_John_References") when submitting it to your potential employer electronically.
Who to List as a Reference
When choosing your references consider people who will provide valuable insights to potential employers and strengthen your job application
- Select references carefully:
- Choose people who can speak positively about your skills, work ethic, and character
- Pick references who are relevant to the job you're applying for
- Aim for a mix of supervisors, peers, and others who can provide different perspectives on your abilities
- Use recent references:
- Focus on people you've worked with in the last 5 years who are familiar with your current skills and accomplishments
- Consider different types of references:
- Professional references (former supervisors, colleagues, mentors)
- Academic references (professors, advisors)
- Character references (community leaders, volunteer coordinators)
- Industry-specific references
- Ask permission first:
- Always get consent before listing someone as a reference. You will probably not get a positive reference if they get contacted before you got their permission!
- This allows them to prepare and ensures they're willing to speak on your behalf
- Always get consent before listing someone as a reference. You will probably not get a positive reference if they get contacted before you got their permission!
- Provide context to your references:
- Brief them on the job you're applying for
- Remind them of relevant projects or achievements they could highlight
- Let them know when they might be contacted
- Choose references who can speak to different aspects of your qualifications:
- Supervisors can discuss your job performance and growth
- Peers can talk about what it's like to work with you
- Clients or customers can provide insight into your service skills
- Ensure contact information is up-to-date:
- Provide current phone numbers and email addresses for your references
- Thank your references:
- Show appreciation for their time and effort in supporting your application
Can't Think of References? Brainstorm with a Career Development Advisor!
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